HTTP status codes for web diagnostics

An HTTP status code describes the result of one request in protocol terms. It does not, by itself, report rendering, canonical selection, indexing, or business impact.

Decision rule

Use RFC 9110 for status semantics. Add headers, representation, request context, and platform evidence before making an SEO diagnosis.

01

Successful responses

A 200 can still contain an error message, login screen, empty template, noindex directive, or unintended canonical. Inspect the representation.

  • 200 OK: the request succeeded; the meaning of the content depends on the method.
  • 204 No Content: the request succeeded and the response has no content.
  • 206 Partial Content: the server is fulfilling a valid range request with selected content.
02

Redirect responses

Record the Location field and follow the entire bounded chain. Status alone does not show whether the destination is equivalent or healthy.

  • 301 Moved Permanently and 308 Permanent Redirect state a permanent move.
  • 302 Found and 307 Temporary Redirect state a temporary move.
  • 303 See Other points the client to another resource, commonly after a non-GET request.
  • 304 Not Modified is a cache-validation response, not a normal redirect to another URL.
03

Client-error responses

  • 400 Bad Request: the server cannot or will not process the request because of a client-side error.
  • 401 Unauthorized: authentication credentials are required or insufficient for the request.
  • 403 Forbidden: the server understood the request but refuses to fulfil it.
  • 404 Not Found: the server did not find a current representation or is not willing to disclose one.
  • 410 Gone: the resource is no longer available and the condition is likely permanent.
  • 429 Too Many Requests: the client sent too many requests in a given time.
04

Server-error responses

Group repeated 5xx responses by route, upstream, time, and deployment. One row establishes an observed failure, not its root cause.

  • 500 Internal Server Error: the server encountered an unexpected condition.
  • 502 Bad Gateway: a gateway or proxy received an invalid upstream response.
  • 503 Service Unavailable: the server is temporarily unable to handle the request.
  • 504 Gateway Timeout: a gateway or proxy did not receive a timely upstream response.
90

Primary sources

Checked for this page on 22 August 2026. External documentation can change.

  1. 01
    RFC 9110 — HTTP Semantics

    The normative definitions for HTTP methods, status codes, fields, and response semantics.

  2. 02
    Google Search Central — Redirects and Google Search

    Google's current treatment of permanent and temporary redirects in Search.